Medical Malpractice Insurance covers any health provider (physician, nurse, psychologist, dentist, therapist) against claims by patients or their representatives/heirs for a loss (injury or death) suffered as a result of health providers' deviation from standard medical practice.

Special Medical Malpractice Insurance policies exist covering specifically various medical professionals, like Chiropractic Medical Insurance, Malpractice Insurance for Nurses, Medical Malpractice Insurance for Mental Health Professionals etc.

The plaintiff must prove that the health professional breached his/her duty of standard health care and doing so caused a loss/damage, either physical or emotional.